{"id":1522,"date":"2024-03-21T21:09:20","date_gmt":"2024-03-22T01:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/?p=1522"},"modified":"2024-05-24T21:31:28","modified_gmt":"2024-05-25T01:31:28","slug":"%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%92%8c%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/2024\/03\/21\/%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%92%8c%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6bd4\u8f83"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u5426\u5168\u9762\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u72ed\u9698\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u7406\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u544a\u8bc9\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ea\u662f\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5171\u540c\u70b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u79f0\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5565\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5176\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5148\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u8111\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u7531\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\uff08Central Nervous System\uff0cCNS\uff09\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u8111\u548c\u810a\u9ad3\uff1b\u5927\u8111\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u611f\u89c9\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u810a\u9ad3\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5927\u8111\u4e0e\u5468\u56f4\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5468\u56f4\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\uff08Peripheral Nervous System\uff0cPNS\uff09\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u5728\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1b\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u611f\u89c9\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e2d\u67a2\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u89e3\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 ANN (Artificial Neural Network) \u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cBNS (Biological Nervous System) \u4ee3\u8868\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ece\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u7406\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5c55\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u9ea6\u514b\u6d1b\u5947\uff08McCulloch\uff09\u548c\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u5bb6\u76ae\u5179\uff08Pitts\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86MP(McCulloch-Pitts Neuron Model)\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e00\u5d2d\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u30021949\u5e74\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6Hebb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7a81\u89e6\u8054\u7cfb\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u8d6b\u5e03\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u7075\u611f\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/neutron.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1527\" style=\"width:379px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6811\u7a81\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6811\u7a81\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6811\u7a81\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7a81\u89e6\u4f20\u9012<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u88ab\u7efc\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7a81\u89e6\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u7a81\u89e6\u6743\u91cd\uff09\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9608\u503c\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u7efc\u5408\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u8f74\u7a81\u672b\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u91ca\u653e<\/strong>\uff1a\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u901a\u8fc7\u8f74\u7a81\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u8f74\u7a81\u672b\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u91ca\u653e\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6574\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u7531\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53d1\u6325\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u611f\u77e5\u5668\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7ebf\u6027\u5143\u4ef6\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u8c10\u632f\u7406\u8bba\uff08ART\u7f51\uff09\u3001\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6620\u5c04\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1982\u5e74\uff0cJohn Hopefiled \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86Hopfield\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5c06\u80fd\u91cf\u51fd\u6570(Lyapunov\u51fd\u6570)\u5f15\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5efa\u6784\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc,\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1985\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u91c7\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u62df\u9000\u706b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6ce2\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u8d8b\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u7a33\u5b9a\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1986\u5e74,Rumelhart\u3001Hinton\u3001Williams\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1988\u5e74\uff0cLinsker\u5bf9\u611f\u77e5\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9999\u519c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u968f\u540eVapnik\u7b49\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u548cVC(Vapnik-Chervonenkis)\u7ef4\u6570\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1991\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u80af\u628a\u534f\u540c\u5f15\u5165\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u65ad\u8a00\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5373\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1994\u5e74\uff0c\u5ed6\u6653\u6615\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u62d3\u5e7f\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u65f6\u6ede\u7ec6\u80de\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc(DCNN)\u3001Hopfield\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08HNN\uff09\u548c\u53cc\u5411\u8054\u60f3\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc\uff08BAM\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u3002Hinton\u7b49\u4eba\u4e8e2006\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u542b\u6709\u591a\u9690\u5c42\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u67b6\u6784\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u884d\u751f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5171\u540c\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"770\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Similarity-between-biological-and-artificial-neural-networks-Arbib-2003a-Haykin.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1529\" style=\"width:370px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Similarity-between-biological-and-artificial-neural-networks-Arbib-2003a-Haykin.png 850w, https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Similarity-between-biological-and-artificial-neural-networks-Arbib-2003a-Haykin-800x725.png 800w, https:\/\/www.mymaplelife.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Similarity-between-biological-and-artificial-neural-networks-Arbib-2003a-Haykin-768x696.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul 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